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- 5th Annual International Conference on Sociology
- Call for Papers and Participation, Deadline: October 11, 2010
- The Forgotten Epidemic HIV/AIDS: Crisis in Black America
- Deadline for Abstract Submission: September 8, 2010
- 2011 American Men's Studies Association Conference: Men, Masculi
- Deadline for Submissions: October 31, 2010
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Scientific Update
- Black patients, women miss out on strongest medications for...
- Article highlighting research of Carmen Green
- A Meta-Study of Black Male Mental Health and Well-Being
- D.C. Watkins, R.L. Walker, and D.M. Griffith
Scientific News
Th17 cells, HIV and the gut mucosal barrier
Dandekar, S., George, M.D., and Bäumler, A. J.
2010-02-04 15:10:53
Th17 cells, HIV and the gut mucosal barrier
Dandekar, S., George, M.D., and Bäumler, A. J.
Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS:
March 2010 - Volume 5 - Issue 2 - p 173–178
doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e328335eda3
journals.lww.com/co-hivandaids/pages/articleviewer.aspx
Purpose of review: We will present recent studies on a subset of CD4+ T helper cells, Th17 cells, that appears to be critical for regulating gut mucosal immune responses against extracellular microbial pathogens and may serve as a link between innate and adaptive immune responses. Implications of the loss of Th17 CD4+ T cells in HIV infection will be discussed in relation to the chronic immune activation and HIV pathogenesis.
Recent findings: Severe depletion of CD4+ T cells occurs in the gut mucosa during primary HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus infections. A pronounced loss of mucosal Th17 CD4+ T cells in the simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaque model of AIDS is linked to impaired immune responses in the gut mucosa to an enteric pathogen, Salmonella typhimurium, leading to the lack of local control of the pathogen and its translocation. Recovery of the gut mucosal immune system during highly active antiretroviral therapy is slow and incomplete compared with the peripheral blood compartment. Recent studies suggest that the replenishment of Th17 CD4+ T cells in the gut mucosa during highly active antiretroviral therapy, or during nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections in the nonhuman primate models, correlates with better restoration and function of the gut mucosal immune system.
Summary: A better understanding of the role of Th17 CD4+ cells in the generation of mucosal immune responses to enteric pathogens and maintenance of the intestinal epithelial integrity in HIV-infected patients will help in the development of novel strategies to modulate and enhance mucosal immune system and its function.
Dandekar, S., George, M.D., and Bäumler, A. J.
Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS:
March 2010 - Volume 5 - Issue 2 - p 173–178
doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e328335eda3
journals.lww.com/co-hivandaids/pages/articleviewer.aspx
Purpose of review: We will present recent studies on a subset of CD4+ T helper cells, Th17 cells, that appears to be critical for regulating gut mucosal immune responses against extracellular microbial pathogens and may serve as a link between innate and adaptive immune responses. Implications of the loss of Th17 CD4+ T cells in HIV infection will be discussed in relation to the chronic immune activation and HIV pathogenesis.
Recent findings: Severe depletion of CD4+ T cells occurs in the gut mucosa during primary HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus infections. A pronounced loss of mucosal Th17 CD4+ T cells in the simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaque model of AIDS is linked to impaired immune responses in the gut mucosa to an enteric pathogen, Salmonella typhimurium, leading to the lack of local control of the pathogen and its translocation. Recovery of the gut mucosal immune system during highly active antiretroviral therapy is slow and incomplete compared with the peripheral blood compartment. Recent studies suggest that the replenishment of Th17 CD4+ T cells in the gut mucosa during highly active antiretroviral therapy, or during nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infections in the nonhuman primate models, correlates with better restoration and function of the gut mucosal immune system.
Summary: A better understanding of the role of Th17 CD4+ cells in the generation of mucosal immune responses to enteric pathogens and maintenance of the intestinal epithelial integrity in HIV-infected patients will help in the development of novel strategies to modulate and enhance mucosal immune system and its function.